Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Anemia

Anemia is a common medical condition characterized by a lower-than-normal hemoglobin level, which reduces the blood's ability to carry oxygen throughout the body. Although iron deficiency is the most common cause, anemia may also result from vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, chronic diseases, blood loss, or other underlying medical conditions. Common symptoms of anemia include persistent fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, heart palpitations, pale skin, and reduced exercise tolerance. Accurate diagnosis through clinical evaluation and laboratory testing is essential to identify the underlying cause and develop an individualized treatment plan. Early treatment may help relieve symptoms, improve energy levels, and enhance overall quality of life.